Carbohidratos Essays - DraftIndustrializacin Japonesa,

Carbohidratos Es una biomolecula compuesta por carbono, hidrogeno, y oxigeno; sus principales funciones son: Brindar energia inmediata a los seres vivos. Brindar forma estructural a los seres vivos. Tienen enlaces quimicos dificiles de romper de tipo covalente, pero que almacenan gran cantidad de energia, que se libera cuando la molecula se oxida. Estos cumplen dos papeles fundamentales en los seres vivos. Por un lado, son moleculas energeticas de uso inmediato para las celulas (glucosas) o que almacenan para su posterior consumo (almidon y glucogeno). Por otra parte, algunos polisacaridos tienen una importante funcion estructural ya que forman parte de la pared celular de los vegetales (celulosa) o de la cuticula de los artropodos. Tipos de carbohidratos Monosacaridos Son los mas simples, ya que solo estan formados por una molecula. Esto los hace en la principal fuente de combustible para el organismo y hace posible que sean usados como fuente de energia. Tambien hay algunos tipos de monosacaridos como la ribosa o la desoxirribosa, que forman parte del material genetico del ADN. Cuando los monosacaridos no son necesarios en ninguna de las funciones, se convierten en otra forma Disacaridos Estan formados por dos moleculas de monosacaridos. Estas pueden hidrolizarse y dar lugar a dos monosacaridos libres. Entre los disacaridos mas comunes estan la sacarosa (azucar), azucar de la leche (lactosa), maltosa (hidrolisis de almidon) y la celo briosa (obtenida de la hidrolisis de la celulosa). Oligosacaridos La estructura de estos carbohidratos es variable, pueden estar formados por entre tres y nueve moleculas de monosacaridos, unidos por enlaces y que se liberan cuando hay un proceso de hidrolisis, al igual como en los disacaridos. En muchos casos, los oligosacaridos pueden aparecer unidos a proteinas, dando lugar a como se les conoce como glucoproteinas. Polisacaridos Son cadenas de mas de diez monosacaridos cuya funcion en el organismo se relaciona normalmente con labores de estructura o de almacenamiento. Funcion de los Carbohidratos Aunque su funcion principal es la energetica, tambien hay ciertos hidratos de carbono cuya funcion esta relacionada con la estructura de las celulas o aparatos del organismo. Estos pueden dar a lugar estructuras esqueleticas muy resistentes y tambien pueden formar parte de la estructura propio de otras biomoleculas como proteinas, grasas y acidos nucleicos. Gracias a su resistencia, es posible sintetizarlos en el exterior del cuerpo y utilizarlos para fabricar diversos tejidos plasticos y otros productos artificiales. Instituto Morazzanni Kenbely Castillo 11vo "C" Mrs. Martha Lanza Investigacion de carbohidratos y su importancia biologica 12/11/2016

Analysis of a Successful Business Communication Essay

Analysis of a Successful Business Communication Essay Literate business communication is important when it comes to business writing. Understanding how to properly write a business letter is invaluable tools and could determine the success and failure of a business. Locating a well-written literatebusiness communication in my organization was easy to do.The example of literatebusiness communication I found clearly expresses the point of the writing. It is well written and states its purpose without loosing the meaning to the reader. In the introduction it clearly expresses the benefit to the readers.The samples purpose is to allow the readers to easily understand the benefit the company offers to its employees. It is clearly stated in the introduction the purpose of having a company savings plans and is written in easy to understand language.The writer in this sample uses an indirect approach. The writing is trying to target all of the employees of the company.SP Business School, School of Communication, Arts ...Each person who reads th is is to be informed of the company's benefits that are available. The writer's audience in the sample is all of the employees in the company.The writer addresses the audience by having an understanding approach about the difficulties of saving money. Then further tries to address these difficulties with a solution that is provided by the organization. There is clear connection being made to the intended audience.The writer makes an assumption that all employees have difficulty understanding complex savings plans therefore explains that this is not the case with the company savings plan. However, the writer does not take into account the employees that might have a deeper understanding of savings and retirements plans.Another assumption the writer makes is that every employee has difficulty saving money for the future, which may or may not be the case.The tone and style the writer...

Interview Report 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interview Report 1 - Essay Example He had migrated to the USA with an intention to seek higher education and employment. Mr. X was encouraged by his parents to go abroad and make his life there as he would be able to find more opportunities of academic and professional development. Coming from a poor family, he had to earn to fund his studies. He joined the college but couldn’t continue as the job consumed most of his time. He eventually decided to leave the studies and continue with his job. However, he did do a diploma in hotel management and has completed about two short courses on hotel management as well which led him to becoming a hotel manager from a caterer that was how he was hired in his first job. Mr. X has been serving as a hotel manager for over ten years. He is between 35 and 44 years of age. The four words or phrases said by Mr. X that describe the word â€Å"freedom† for him are â€Å"decision making power†, â€Å"work-life balance†, â€Å"money† and â€Å"peace of m ind.† Of the four, Mr. X considers work-life balance and money the most important depicters of an individual’s freedom. Mr. X has been living away from his family ever since he moved to the USA. He does not think that he is free because for all these years, he has not been able to balance his work with his social life. At one point in the interview, Mr. X said, â€Å"My life is all about work. ... In fact, his desire to make money fundamentally came from the urge to break free of the kind of lifestyle his father had spent. When asked what made him think of decision making power as a measure of freedom, Mr. X narrated the following lines of a poem: â€Å"Freedom is about blank, white paper Writing what you want to write, where you want to write Saying the things you would never normally say out loud† (Quiterio, 2002). Analysis Freedom is very difficult to define. â€Å"Freedom cannot be defined, except through an analysis of the restrictions on human action† (Cooray, 2011). Two themes in the definition of freedom narrated by Mr. X that I find most interesting are â€Å"decision making power† and â€Å"work-life balance†. To me, freedom does not mean lack of slavery. If an individual is not enslaved, he/she is not necessarily free. To be free in the real sense means to be able to make the important decisions of life. When an individual is free, he is able to adjust his work according to his wish, rather than adjusting his wishes according to his work. There are two kinds of freedom; social freedom and professional freedom. Social freedom provides an individual with the opportunity to do whatever he wants. People who have a large degree of social freedom are generally very rich. They have more than enough money to satisfy their needs. They may do a job, but job is not really their need. Many people with a high degree of social freedom do job to kill time rather than to earn money. People who have professional freedom have high position and authority. They are leaders or managers. While they make others do very hard work, their own work life is quite balanced with their social life. Mr. X talked a lot about the lack of work-life balance in his life.

Research news to find stories uncovered by corporate media Paper

News to find stories uncovered by corporate media - Research Paper Example This paper describes the necessity to look deeper into the problems, which seem quite superficial from the first sight but in reality bear a substantial meaning.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Nowadays corporate media ignore some problems which are of paramount importance for the consideration of government. They concentrate their attention on the issues, which are solicited among the population. The widespread magazine articles, such as â€Å"How to lose a guy in 10 days† or â€Å"Life of celebrities† are read every day by the millions of people, without paying attention to the states of things, which take place in the surrounding world. However corporate media is oriented on the demand of the ordinary buyer, which is quite understandable. The regular reader does not want to be concerned about the entire issues, instead he wants to feel released and relaxed. My researches of the problems, ignored by the media of the USA resulted in the following articles: All articles were taken from the site called â€Å"Whowhatwhy†. The authors of the articles made a great success, because they discussed the topics, which were not revealed by means of American corporate media, considering them to be of no importance. However, reading these articles, we understand that such problems must not be ignored by the society. The articles cover the area of truth and society. I will start by the paper of Russ Baker â€Å"Classic Who: Should Pollard be Released?†. The case of Jonathan Pollard (a famous Israel spy) is still in the process of consideration. The thing is that after revealing Pollards connection with Israel authorities, he received a life sentence, which was approved by the court of the USA. However, the Israel members of the alliance were astonished for such a cruelty. They stated that the USA did not have enough evidence to blame Pollard for committing such a crime. The most interesting is that documents, revealed in the CIA appro ved such a possibility, which raised the question of

Business, its's context and stakeholders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business, its's context and stakeholders - Essay Example The overall growth of continental tourism was double the global average. As foreign tourists enjoyed the increasing number of African states, locals began exploring the beauty of neighboring nations. This booming industry is sure to lead to further economic growth in the region even if the increasing level of consumption of resources and the pressure it puts on the natural environment appear as obstacles. The good news is that these obstacles can be dealt with. Furthermore, the expansion of the African tourism industry makes way for greater understanding between the peoples of the world. The African tourism sector is a large scale enterprise involving an enormous number of stakeholders. In the year 2005, the sector provided 3,877,200 jobs directly and an incredible total of 10,647,000 jobs indirectly. The total travel and tourist revenues expected to be generated in 2005 were $73.6 billion of Gross Domestic Product. In particular, Kenya and Mozambique have seen the most rapid growth in tourist activity in recent years. In 2004 the number of visitors to Kenya increased by twenty six percent and the Kenyan government declared in 2005 that the country has earned more from tourism at this time than ever before. In Mozambique – very popular among South African tourists – tourist activity rose by an impressive thirty seven percent. In North Africa, Egypt experienced a six percent increase, Morocco a five percent increase, and Tunisia an eight percent increase. Things did not go as well for the tourism industry between the years 2002 and 2003. Revenues were massively reduced by terrorism and the wars on terror that began in the year 2001. The tourist hotspots of East Africa, namely Kenya and Tanzania, suffered a number of bomb attacks also. All the same, the African tourism industry is on the rebound. The secretary-general of UN’s World Tourism Organization

Effect of Communication on Collaborative Working

Effect of Communication on Collaborative Working Discuss how communication within an inter-professional team could affect collaborative working. Inter-professional learning and collaborative working in healthcare are two significant practices that must be understood as health care practitioners and trainee health professionals, to deliver high quality of patient-centred care in National Health Service (NHS) through effective communication. Thus, the aim of this essay is to critical discuss and analyse how communication within an interprofessional team could affect collaborative working to reduce medical errors, decrease workloads, reduce mortality rate, conflict and lack of trust. Two specific key points will be addressed throughout this essay; collaboration with staff and students, effective communication such as verbal and non verbal which entails active listening. In accordance to the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2015) codes of conduct on confidentiality, personal information and trust identifiers will be anonymous in the essay and service users (SU) will signify patients. Buring et al (2009) explained Inter-professional teamwork as the extent of which an array of several healthcare professionals such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists and many more work together successfully to influence the quality of care being provided, improve collaboration, enhance quality of patient care, lower costs, decrease patient length of stay and overall reduction in medical errors in health care setting. Negatively, poor communication within a team of health professionals might lead to conflict, lack of trust and may impact on patient care and safety (Vincent, 2011). Collaborative working in healthcare is the process whereby professionals from different disciplines work and support each other as a team cohesively, whilst balancing their roles, sharing responsibility towards making difficult clinical evidence based decisions appropriate enough for the best interest of the SU (McCabe Timmins, 2013). The NMC (2015) stated that to promote a dynamic collaboration among health and social care professionals, effective communication must be established and demonstrated within respective teams, at the same time respecting individual professional’s knowledge, skills and contribution. Flin (2009) defines communication as ‘the transfer of information, ideas or feelings’ (p. 16). However, Emmitt and Gorse (2009) articulate that the transmission of information from sender to receiver may be distorted, therefore, in order for communication to be successful within collaboration, professionals have to utilise this skill effectively. Daly (2004) affirms that effective communication between healthcare professionals is the cornerstone to successful collaboration. Furthermore, Stukenberg (2010) states that once effective communication has been implemented within collaborative working, improved knowledge, work interactions, and positive environment for professionals to work cohesively is established, subsequently, improving the delivery of patient care (Chatman, 2008). The two method of communication that has been commonly cited by numerous literatures are, verbal and non-verbal communications which are widely used by health and social care practitioners in various settings. A study of Purtilo and Haddad (2009) highlighted that verbal communication is vital to health professionals in forming professional relationship through the form of team meetings. The study further emphasised that regular meetings of interprofessional team linked by a common care pathway help to enforce verbal communication and activate effective team collaboration. An example of this was during the author’s placement in a hospice (palliative care), a multidisciplinary meeting was held regularly every week consisting of an array of professionals from different department such as nurse specialists, consultants, social workers, student nurses, doctors, occupational therapist, spiritual and psychological specialist to discuss and up-date members of the team regarding patien ts care. As observed, effective communication was utilised and initiated throughout the course of the meeting as ideas from this group of professionals were put forward in an orderly manner as each professionals took it in turn to contribute towards the decision-making process. Communication observed was clear and concise among the health professionals. Bach and Grant (2012) concurs that clarity of conservation among professionals will aid the process of information being transmitted accordingly thus leading to understanding, as it ensure vital information are not misheard in turn reduces the risk for confusion among individuals within the team. Burnard and Gill (2014) further explained that communication is the art and process of creating and sharing ideas from different individuals, therefore, when this is demonstrated within a group of professionals, they are able to contribute ideas drawing from their own knowledge, experience and expertise as suggested by Baatrup (2014). Tindall, Sedrak and Boltri (2013)also articulated that effective communication will warrant that each members of the team are kept up-to-date which is vital when key decisions are made regarding a patient’s care. They further elaborate that communication forms relationship where trust and respect are instilledthereby enhancing job satisfaction and wiliness of health professionals to join forces with one another as a team in order to deliver a care that is of high quality. Rost and Wilson (2013) maintains that active listening should also be incorporated within communication as it an invaluable tool that sustains collaborative working among healthcare professionals. However, communication failures among health care professionals have been highlighted as the leading cause of unintentional patients harm with many leading to permanent injuries and even deaths (The Joint commission, 2006). An example will be the devastating case of Victoria Climbie (UK Department of Health (DoH), 2003) which demonstrated the effects of ineffective team work and poor communication among health professionals. The recommendation from Lord Laming’s report on the Victoria Climbie inquiry stress the need for health care professionals to improve interprofessional communication and collaboration. As emphasised by UK DoH (2013), effective communication is crucial among health professionals to enhance care delivery, develop therapeutic relationships and it is known to be one of the 6C’s approved by government and NHS to support the values and ethics in health care delivery. Ineffective collaborative working can be as a result of lack of understanding, poorly defined roles and responsibilities, poor communication challenges among health care professionals, which evidently has a negative impact on clinical outcomes. As seen in the Francis report (2013) of the Mid Staffordshire hospital where SU were left to suffer as a result of poor communication and collaboration among interprofessional team. For this reason, the DoH (2013) emphasise the need for all health care professionals to work together collaboratively, communication effectively among each other and have an increased knowledge of the role of each member of the team. Interprofessional team must possess active listening skills which is an important tool in improving discussion and help building trusting relationships between health care professionals (Stainton et al, 2011). Aitken (2013) recognised good listening skills as an important tool for effective communication that can consolidate collaborative working among health professional especially for student analysis and learning. In terms of collaboration between staffs and students, this allows students to be able to gain insights into the varieties of language used such as terminologies commonly used within health and social care, in turn enhances understanding as students are aware of how best to communicate with other professionals within clinical practice building up their interprofessional skills paving away for effective collaboration (ref). REF) put fort the notion that where there is effective communication between staff and students, a strong relationship is formed where there is mutual respect and trust, even though there is differing competence between this specific group of individuals (Hamilton, 2010). Morgan, (2013) also states that effective communication will improve staff and students experiences. Collaborative working through effective communication facilitates professionals from a diverse range of other expertise to help achieve single aim, decrease work load, share ideas on how to deliver highest quality of care through understanding of information communicated. In addition, NMC (2015) recommends that professionals should have the necessary skills to communicate effectively with colleagues and other professionals in order to improve patient care. Hence, working collaboratively has been widely stimulated as the best approach in improving health outcomes (UK DoH, 2010). Furthermore, to support collaborative practice individuals need to utilise interpersonal skills to promote effective teamwork and communication. Therefore, Combined Universities Inter-professional Unit (CUILU) (2010) recommended a guideline designed to help students and different professionals understand how the development of a collaborative worker is evaluated by applying the inter-professional capability fr amework. This consists of four domains which are Collaborative working (CW), Reflection (R), the Cultural Awareness and Ethical Practice (CAEP) and the Organisational Competence. In conclusion, effective communication and collaboration has a huge impact on the lives of SU and health professionals either positively or negatively. It is the role of health professionals to address this and collaboratively maintain continuity of care where there is high quality patient centred care, promote good working relationship with members of a team, thereby enhancing job satisfaction for professionals and quality of life for patients. A good listening skills, mutual respect and value for team members irrespective of their discipline will also facilitate an effective collaboration and patient safety. REFERENCES Aitken, J.E. (2013). Cases on Communication Technology for Second Language Acquisition and Cultural Learning. United States: IGI Global. Baatrup, G. (2014). Multidisciplinary Treatment of Colorectal Cancer:Staging – Treatment – Pathology – Palliation. United Kingdom: Springer. Bach, S. A. Grant, (2012). Communication and Interpersonal skills in nursing. Exeter: Learning Matters Ltd. Buring, S.M., Bhushan, A., Broeseker, A., Conway, S., Duncan-Hewitt, W., Hansen, L. Westberg, S. (2009). Interprofessional Education: Definitions, Student Compentencies, and Guidelines for Implementation. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 73 (4), 1-8. Burnard, P. Gill, P. (2014). Culture, Communication and Nursing. United States: Routledge. Chatman, I.J. (2008). Medical Team Training:Strategies for Improving Patient Care and Communication. United States: Joint Commission Resources. CUILU (2010) Interprofessional Capability Framework: a framework containing capabilities and learning levels learning to Interprofessional capability. The Combined Universities Interprofessional Unit. Sheffield Hallam University and The University of Sheffield. Daly, G. (2004). Understanding the barriers to multiprofessional collaboration. Nursing Times, 1(9), 78 -79. Emmitt, S. Gorse, C.A. (2009). Construction Communication. United Kingdom: John Wiley Sons. Flin, R. et al (2009) Human factors in patient safety: review of topic and tools. Report for Methods and Measures Working Group of WHO Patient Safety. Geneva: World Health Organization. Retrieve April 7th 2015, from http://www.who.int/patientsafety/research/methods_measures/human_factors/hu man_factors_review.pdf Francis, R. (2013). Report of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry. The Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry. London: TSO Hamilton, C. (2010). Communicating for Results: A Guide for Business and the Professions. (9th ed.). United States: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. McCabe, C. Timmins, F. (2013). Communication Skills for Nursing Practice. (2nd ed.). United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan. Morgan, M. (2013). Improving the Student Experience:A Practical Guide for Universities and Colleges. United Kingdom: Routledge. Nursing Midwifery Council. (2015). The code professional standards of practice and behaviour for nurses and midwives. London: NMC Purtilo, R. Haddard, A. (2009). Health professional and patient interaction. (7th ed.). United States: Rost, M. Wilson, J. (2013). Active Listening. United States: Routledge. Stainton, K., Hughson, J., Funnell, R., Koutoukidis, G. Lawrence, K. (2011). Tabbners Nursing Care:Theory and Practice. Elsevier Health Sciences. Stukenberg, C.M. (2010). Successful Collaboration in Healthcare:A Guide for Physicians, Nurses and Clinical Documentation Specialists. United States: CRC Press. The Joint Commission (2006). Root causes of sentinel events, all categories. Oakbrook, IL Retrieved April 4th , from http://www.jointcommission.org/NR/rdonlyres/FA465646-5F5F-4543-AC8F-E8AF6571E372/0/root_cause_se.jpg Tindall, W.N.,Sedrak,M., Boltri, J. (2013). Patient-Centered Pharmacology:Learning System for the Conscientious Prescribe. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis. United Kingdom. Department of Health (2010). Modernising Scientific Careers: The England action plan. Retrieved April 10th, 2015 from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/139529/dh_115144.pdf United Kingdom. Department of Health and NHS Commissioning Board (2013). Compassion in practice. Nursing, midwifery and care staff: our vision and strategy Redditch: NHS Commissioning Board. United Kingdom. Department of Health. (2003). Laming Report. The Victoria Climbià © Inquiry-Report of an inquiry by Lord Laming. Retrieved April 4th , 2015 from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/273183/5730.pdf Vincent, C. (2011). Patient Safety.(2nd ed.). United Kingdom: Wiley Blackwell.

The Effects Of War And Music Together Essay -- essays research papers

The Effects of War and Music Together How are music and war related? Music puts a voice in the people’s ears, and tells them whether or not we should be involved in that war. It helped out the troops when they were over seas to not be so home sick. Also, every war preceding the Vietnam War had music to help or support the war, but the Vietnam War is where music during wartime changed. The Vietnam War has been called "America's first rock-and-roll war" because of rock music that was played and listened to by all Americans. As the draft was raised and draft dodgers were being cracked down on, an overwhelming number of military personnel belonged to one generation: the average age of combat soldiers was 19 and 90 percent were under 23 years of age (Vietnam War Characteristics). Many of these soldiers did not want to be in Vietnam, and no one wanted to be away from his surroundings back home. Therefore, many soldiers took things that reminded them of home. Rock music was what most soldiers brought from home, along with beads and peace symbols. The beads and peace symbols were worn with the uniforms to remind the soldiers of the family at home (Abernathy interview). Between the military branches, there was no preference in what music was liked, however officers liked one thing and soldiers liked another. Most soldiers preferred hard rock or psychedelic music; 30 percent enjoyed rhythm and blues; 10 percent, country; 5 percent, classical; and 10 percent...

Indian Judiciary System Essay

In a political system based on constitutional Government , the functions of rule making, rule enforcement and rule interpretation are separated into the three institutions of the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. A judiciary that is independent of and acting as a check on arbitrary exercise of legislative and executive power is an essential feature of a constitutional itself means. In a federal system, the judiciary also serves as a tribunal for the final determination of disputes between the union and its constituent units. Given the tremendous importance of the role and functions of the Supreme Court & High Courts, various measures have been adopted to ensure the independence of the judiciary. The judiciary in India is paradoxical institution. On the one hand courts are extraordinarily powerful on the other, its working seems manipulated by the executive. Through a creative interpretation of the constitution, courts have not only exercised their power of judicial review but also have to managed to place the limits on the power of parliament to amend the constitution. There are 20 million case pending in Indian courts, of which 3.2 million are in the High Courts. The entire judicature has been divided into three tiers. At the top there is a Supreme court (apex), below it is the High Court and the lowest rank is occupied by session’s court. The supreme Court is the highest court of law. The constitution says that the law declared by the supreme court shall be binding on all small courts within the territory of India(Art. 141). Below the Supreme Court, are the High Courts located in the states. Under each High Court there are District Sessions Courts. Subordinate Courts and Courts of Minor Jurisdiction called Small cause courts. Given the importance of the judiciary in a federal system resting on limited government , The Supreme Court was designed to make it the final authority in the interpretation of the constitution . While framing the judicial provisions, the constituent assembly gave a great deal of attention of the courts, the power of the supreme court and the issue of judicial review. The Constitution makes sure that the Supreme Court is independent as much as possible. Eligibility -The person must be a citizen of India -Judge of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession for at least five years, or -An Advocate of a High Court or of two or more such Courts in succession for at least ten years, or -The person must be, in the opinion of the President, a distinguished jurist. -A Judge of a High Court or retired Judge of the Supreme Court or High Courts may be appointed as an ad-hoc Judge of the Supreme Court. Appointment: Though the President has the appointing authority with the advice of his Council of ministers the appointment of the Supreme Court Judge has been lifted from the realm of pure politics by requiring the President to consult the Chief Justice of India in the matter. Salary: The salary and allowances of a judge cannot be reduced after appointment.the salaraies of the judges are fixed by the constitution and providing that though the allowances,leave and pension may be determined by law made by the Parliament,these shall not be varied to the disadvantage of a judge during his term of office except may be during a ‘financial emergency’.the adminstrative expenses of the Supreme Court,the salaries and allowances of the Judges and staff of the Supreme Court shall not be subjected to vote in Parliament and would be charged on the ‘Consolidated Fund of India’. Contempt of court: The Constituion allows the Supreme Court to punish anyone for contempt of any law court in India,under Articles 129 and 142. The Supreme Court perforemed an unprecedneted action when it directed a sitting minister of the state of Maharashtra,Swaroop singh Naik,to be jailed for one month incharge of contempt of court on 12 May 2006.This was the first time a serving minister was ever jailed.He was sentenced for allowing an illegal saw mill to run in a forest in Vidarbha near Tadoba santuary when he wa the Maharashtra forest minister.The court had directed in 1997 to the state ministers to not renew the licenses of sawmills in the forest areas. Violation of Laws: The Supeme Court has the right to invalidate any law made by the Parliament if it violates the â€Å"Basic Stucture† of the constituion or if it violates any of the fundamental rights of the citizens. On 24th April,1973 the Supreme Court in the ‘Kesavananda Bharti v/s The state of Kerela’ case responded to the Parliament that although the amendments made were constituional the court still reserved for itself the discretion to reject any constituional amendments passed by Parliament declaring that the amendments cannot change the Basic Structure. Removal: The judge cannot be removed from office before time except by an order of the president passed in the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha supported by a majority of the total membership of that house and by a majority of not less than two thirds oh the members present and voting,and presented to the president in the same session for such removal on the ground of proved misbehaviour or incapacity. There were two judges who were removed by this process the first was Justice V.Ramaswami:He was the Punjab and Haryana High Court chief justice of the year 1993 when he was impeached by the Lok Sabha by 196 votes because of his incapacity to do work. The Supreme Court charged him for his failure to do complete justice. The second was that of Justcice Soumitra Sen.He was the Calcutta High Court chief justice,the justice of India K.G Balakrishnanhad recommended him for impeachement to the Parliament because he had misappropriating rs.22.83 lakh than on than on 2009 a three member committee was set up and investigation was staretd and he was found guilty and finally on 17th August 2011 he was impeached by Rajya Sabha. The Supreme Court has original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction. Its exclusive original jurisdiction extends to any dispute between the Government of India and one or more States or between the Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more States on the other or between two or more States, if and insofar as the dispute involves any question (whether of law or of fact) on which the existence or extent of a legal right depends. In addition, Article 32 of the Constitution gives an extensive original jurisdiction to the Supreme Court in regard to enforcement of Fundamental Rights. It is empowered to issue directions, orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari to enforce them. The Supreme Court has been conferred with power to direct transfer of any civil or criminal case from one State High Court to another State High Court or from a Court subordinate to another State High Court. The Supreme Court, if satisfied that cases involving the same or substantially the same questions of law are pending before it and one or more High Courts or before two or more High Courts and that such questions are substantial questions of general importance, may withdraw a case or cases pending before the High Court or High Courts and dispose of all such cases itself. Under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, International Commercial Arbitration can also be initiated in the Supreme Court. The appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court can be invoked by a certificate granted by the High Court concerned under Article 132(1), 133(1) or 134 of the Constitution in respect of any judgement, decree or final order of a High Court in both civil and criminal cases, involving substantial questions of law as to the interpretation of the Constitution. Appeals also lie to the Supreme Court in civil matters if the High Court concerned certifies : (a) that the case involves a substantial question of law of general importance, and (b) that, in the opinion of the High Court, the said question needs to be decided by the Supreme Court. In criminal cases, an appeal lies to the Supreme Court if the High Court (a) has on appeal reversed an order of acquittal of an accused person and sentenced him to death or to imprisonment for life or for a period of not less than 10 years, or (b) has withdrawn for trial before itself any case from any Court subordinate to its authority and has in such trial convicted the accused and sentenced him to death or to imprisonment for life or for a period of not less than 10 years, or (c) certified that the case is a fit one for appeal to the Supreme Court. Parliament is authorised to confer on the Supreme Court any further powers to entertain and hear appeals from any judgement, final order or sentence in a criminal proceeding of a High Court. The Supreme Court has also a very wide appellate jurisdiction over all Courts and Tribunals in India in as much as it may, in its discretion, grant special leave to appeal under Article 136 of the Constitution from any judgment, decree, determination, sentence or order in any cause or matter passed or made by any Court or Tribunal in the territory of India. The Supreme Court has special advisory jurisdiction in matters which may specifically be referred to it by the President of India under Article 143 of the Constitution. The supreme court is vested with the power to render advisory opinions on any question of fact or law that may be referred to it by the president. The advisory role of the supreme court is different from orinary jurisdiction in three senses.  ·There is no litigation between two parties  ·The advisory opinion of the court is not binding on the govt.  ·It is not executable as a judgement of the court. The practice of seeking advisory opinion of the supreme court helps the executive as a judgement of the court. It gives a soft opinion to the indian govt. on some politically difficult issues. As in case of Babri Masjid complex and Ayodhya. The govt. decided to refer aspects of the dispute to the supreme court for an opinion. Since there was no legal point at issue, the referral to the supreme court had the potential for politicizing the judiciary instead resolving. Although the proceedings in the Supreme Court arise out of the judgments or orders made by the Subordinate Courts including the High Courts, but of late the Supreme Court has started entertaining matters in which interest of the public at large is involved and the Court can be moved by any individual or group of persons either by filing a Writ Petition at the Filing Counter of the Court or by addressing a letter to Hon’ble the Chief Justice of India highlighting the question of public importance for invoking this jurisdiction. Such concept is popularly known as ‘Public Interest Litigation’ and several matters of public importance have become landmark cases. This concept is unique to the Supreme Court of India only and perhaps no other Court in the world has been exercising this extraordinary jurisdiction. A Writ Petition filed at the Filing Counter is dealt with like any other Writ Petition and processed as such. In case of a letter addressed to Hon’ble the Chief Justice of India the same is dealt with in accordance with the guidelines framed for the purpose. If a petition is received from the jail or in any other criminal matter if the accused is unrepresented then an Advocate is appointed as amicus curiae by the Court to defend and argue the case of the accused. In civil matters also the Court can appoint an Advocate as amicus curiae if it thinks it necessary in case of an unrepresented party; the Court can also appoint amicus curiae in any matter of general public importance or in which the interest of the public at large is involved. As in case of Kasab, A bench of justices Aftab Alam and C K Prasad dismissed 25-year-old Kasab’s plea against his conviction and death sentence confirmed by the Bombay high court, saying he was given free[->0]and fair trial in the case. â€Å"Kasab’s confessional statement was very much voluntary except a very small portion,† the bench held.It also dismissed Kasab’s contention that the trial was not fair because the government did notprovide[->1] him advocate during the time when he was arrested and put on trial. The apex court said the trial court had made repeated attempts o provide Kasab with a lawyer but he had spurned the offer initially and said he did not want to accept Indian lawyers. The judges said that in the totality of facts, evidences and circumstances the court had no option but to impose death sentence on Kasab. The bench also observed that going by the evidence, it was clear that the conspiracy and planning of the 26/11 attack was hatched in Pakistan. The High Court stands at the head of a State’s judicial administration. There are 18 High Courts in the country, three having jurisdiction over more than one State. Among the Union Territories Delhi alone has a High Court of its own. Other six Union Territories come under the jurisdiction of different State High Courts. Each High Court comprises of a Chief Justice and such other Judges as the President may, from time to time, appoint. The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the State. The procedure for appointing Judges is the same except that the Chief Justice of the High Court concerned is also consulted. They hold office until the age of 62 years and are removable in the same manner as a Judge of the Supreme Court. To be eligible for appointment as a Judge one must be a citizen of India and have held a judicial office in India for ten years or must have practised as an Adovcate of a High Court or two or more such Courts in succession for a similar period. Each High Court has power to issue to any person within its jurisdiction directions, orders, or writs including writs which are in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari for enforcement of Fundamental Rights and for any other purpose. This power may also be exercised by any High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to territories within which the cause of action, wholly or in part, arises for exercise of such power, notwithstanding that the seat of such Government or authority or residence of such person is not within those territories. Each High Court has powers of superintendence over all Courts within its jurisdiction. It can call for returns from such Courts, make and issue general rules and prescribe forms to regulate their practice and proceedings and determine the manner and form in which book entries and accounts shall be kept.

Power of Government vs Individual Rights essays

Power of Government vs Individual Rights essays Alexander Hamilton was a brilliant member of the federal government whose political principles were based on the idea that the greatest threat to political stability was anarchy rather than monarchy. He believed that the government should be left in the hands of a concentrated few, and that those chosen would lead the country into prosperity. He did not think the swinish multitudes capable of governing themselves. On the other hand, Thomas Jefferson was in support of making states rights more powerful than those of the federal government. Each individual, in his opinion, deserved the right to make the decisions that would govern the country in which he lived. He thought the federal government was too far removed from its people so that their voices would not be able to be heard in the decision making process; thus, their needs would go unfulfilled. The Hamiltonian point of view that a strong, centralized form of government should be employed is in accordance with my own beliefs. The power of government should be used to unify the people under its jurisdiction, not stand merely as a lame parent to watch its reckless teenage children make decisions that contradict the good of all the people in his household. In Europe, each country has its own set of laws that govern its people; however, for the good of the continent, the united move to the Eurodollar will stabilize the currencies of those countries having trouble with the fluctuations of its money values and also further ease of trade and transportation. In part, the Civil War was the result of too many decisions made by too many people. Since the country as a whole put off deciding what to do with the ever-present slavery question, each state formed its own policy in dealing with slave trade, runaways, and other such issues. Unrest was the underlying feeling throughout the country and made more prominent other touchy issues, and this lack of unity eventuall ...

Isogram - Definition and Examples in English

Isogram s in English Definition In morphology and verbal play, an isogram is a word with no repeating letters (such as ambidextrously) or, more broadly, a word in which the letters occur an equal number of times. The term isogram  (derived from two Greek words meaning equal and letter)  was coined by Dmitri Borgmann in  Language on Vacation: An Olio of Orthographical Oddities  (Scribner, 1965). Pronunciation I-se-gram Also Known As non-pattern word First-Order, Second-Order, and Third-Order Isograms In a first-order isogram, each letter appears just once: dialogue is an example. In a second-order isogram, each letter appears twice: deed is an example. Longer examples are hard to find: they include Vivienne, Caucasus, intestines, and (important for a phonetician to know this) bilabial. In a third-order isogram, each letter appears three times. These are very rare, unusual words such as deeded (conveyed by deed), sestettes (a variant spelling of sextets), and geggee (victim of a hoax). I dont know of any fourth-order isograms... The really interesting question is: which is the longest isogrammatic place-name in English? As far as I knowand thats an important qualificationit is a small village in Worcestershire, west of Evesham: Bricklehampton. Its 14 letters, with no spaces, make it the longest such name in the language. (David Crystal, By Hook or by Crook: A Journey in Search of English. Overlook, 2008) The Longest Nonpattern Word The longest nonpattern word ever devised utilizes 23 of the 26 letters of our alphabet: PUBVEXINGFJORD-SCHMALTZY, signifying as if in the manner of the extreme sentimentalism generated in some individuals by the sight of a majestic fjord, which sentimentalism is annoying to the clientele of an English inn. This word is also an example of going to the uttermost limit in the way of verbal creativeness. (Dmitri Borgmann, Language on Vacation: An Olio of Orthographical Oddities. Scribner, 1965) The Longest Isogram in the Dictionary UNCOPYRIGHTABLE [is] the longest isogram in Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, Tenth Edition, the source used in Scrabble for long words. Borgmann, who searched the dictionary manually in his quest to manipulate the language, coined UNCOPYRIGHTABLE by placing the prefix UN- before the dictionary-sanctioned COPYRIGHTABLE. (Stefan Fatsis, Word Freak: Heartbreak, Triumph, Genius, and Obsession in the World of Competitive Scrabble Players. Houghton-Mifflin, 2001)

Macroeconomices Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Macroeconomices - Term Paper Example These transactions enter as either debit items or credit items. The debit items include all payments to other countries: these include the countrys purchases of imports, the spending on investment it makes abroad and the interest and dividends paid to people abroad who have invested in the country. The credit items include all receipts from other countries: from the sales of exports, from inward investment expenditure and from interest and dividends earned from abroad. (John Solomon, Essentials of Economics, page 462-265) The sale of exports and any other receipts earn foreign currency. The purchase of imports or any other payments abroad use up foreign currency. If we start to spend more foreign currency than we earn, one of two things must happen. Both are likely to be a problem. The balance of payments will go into deficit. In other words, there will be shortfall of foreign currencies. The government will therefore have to borrow money from abroad, or draw on its foreign currency reserves to make up the shortfall. This is a problem because, if it goes on too long, overseas debts will mount, along with the interest that must be paid; and/or reserves will begin to run low. The exchange rate will fall. The exchange rate is the rate at which one currency exchanges for another. For example, the exchange rate of the pound into the dollar might be  £1= $1.60. When all the components such as current account, capital account, financial account of the balance of payments account are taken together, the balance of payments should exactly balance: credits should equal debits. If they are not equal, the rate of exchange would have to adjust until they were, or the government would have to intervene to make them equal. In order to achieve the goals of high and sustainable economic growth, low unemployment, low inflation, a satisfactory balance of payments and stable exchange rates,

Operations Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Operations Summary - Essay Example Examples of these include the grocery stores, ATM at banks, the supermarkets, websites and e-ticketing. In this design the physical office is eliminated (APICS) Personal attention: In this approach the customer has a minimum contact with the provider and the customer develops a relationship with the service provider representative. Eg sales person. This approach the work flow is not customized and provider seeks to build customer loyalty. Job Shop Process: This is manufacturing of a product in a fixed time and cost as per the requirements of the customer, and is done one by one. The jobs are unique, volumes are low and the variety is quite high (S. Anil Kumar, 2006, p. 17). The examples of Job Shops include in metal fabricators, ship building and in construction. Batch flow; examples of batch flow include air travelling, traditional mortgage loan processing, textile apparels, and bread factories. The products are manufactured in regular intervals, characterized by the routing of the jobs and sometimes the products are kept in a warehouse awaiting sales (S. Anil Kumar, 2006, p. 18). Assembly line: The examples of assembly line include in car manufacturing, mobile handset, television and most consumer products goods. The operations are performed in sequence and are assembly-oriented. The product moves from one workstation to the next in a sequence of operations and materials are handled by devices like conveyors (S. Anil Kumar, 2006, p.19). APICS. (n.d.). APICS Operations Management. Retrieved August 27, 2014, from APICS: